ABSTRACT
NKILA is a kind of newly-discovered lncRNA whose expression is aberrant in diverse malignant tumors. The existing researches have confirmed that NKILA participates in the occurrence and development of tumors mainly by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, and has significance to the cancer diagnosis, treatment and prognostic evaluation of patients. This article reviews the abnormal expressions and biological effects of NKILA, and the up- and down-stream mechanisms of NKILA regulating malignant biological behavior in different cancers.
ABSTRACT
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a kind of transcripts which are longer than 200nt and have not protein-coding ability due to the lack of an open reading frame. However, lncRNAs can be involved in tumorigenesis and progression in various ways at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Bladder cancer associated transcript 1 (BLACAT1) as a lncRNA located on human chromosome 1q32.1, is ectopic expression in various tumors (bladder cancer, gastric malignant tumor, lung carcinoma, et al) and can regulate tumor cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis, invasion and metastasis by different mechanisms leading to occurrence and development of tumors. In this review, we summarized current studies of the functions and mechanisms of BLACAT1 in malignant tumors.
ABSTRACT
Carcinoma of pancreatic body and tail is a high invasive disease with a low resectability rate.It was once believed that celiac axis infiltration usually contraindicated resection.Distal pancreatectomy with en bloc celiac axis resection (DP-CAR) is described as a new treatment method of this disease.In recent years,more and more literatures have reported this operation,but they were case reports or small sample retrospective study,the results of which differed according to the different treatments and perioperative managements in different centers.The advantages and disadvantages of DP-CAR are still controversial.Research progress of DP-CAR is reviewed in this article.
ABSTRACT
Long non-coding RNA regulates gene expression at multiple levels (epigenetics,transcriptional level,post-transcriptional level) and plays an important role in the development and progression of individual development and tumors.With the deep research,it is found that LncRNA CRNDE is an important cancer-related long non-coding RNA,and it is necessary to understand the specific role of LncRNA CRNDE in regulating tumor cell life activities.In recent years,the role of LncRNA CRNDE in tumorigenesis and development has been increasing.It has been found that LncRNA CRNDE is up-regulated in various tumors and is closely related to tumor proliferation,invasion,metastasis and patients' prognosis,becoming a new hot spot in cancer research.The author combines the latest literatures at home and abroad to review the role and mechanism of LncRNA CRNDE in the development of digestive system tumors,hoping to prevent and treat tumors in the future.
ABSTRACT
Circular RNA is a kind of single-stranded RNA ring without 5'capping and 3'polyadenylation.As a new member of non-coding RNA, circular RNA is evolutionally conserved, relatively stable,highly specific and enormously abundant.Instead of liner RNA,circular RNA became the research hotspot.So far,cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 antisense(CDR1as)is a molecule that has garnered intense research.CDR1as harbors 74 conventional miRNA-7 binding sites.Expression of CDR1as efficiently tethers micro RNA-7, resulting in reduced micro RNA-7 activity and increased levels of micro RNA-7 targeted transcripts consistent with the micro RNA sponge and competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)hypothesis.Moreover,CDR1as can restore micro RNA-7 and release it at right time.CDR1as can be stabilized in the exosomes.And its level has correlation with many clinical characteristics.
ABSTRACT
HOXD-AS1 is a recently discovered pivotal cancer-related long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) .Abnormal expression of HOXD-AS1 exhibits a regulatory role in the occurrence and development of tumors,and is expected to become a new tumor marker.Clarifying the mechanism of HOXD-AS1 will provide a feasible theoretical basis and potential intervention targets for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors.This article reviews the current research status of HOXD-AS1 in tumors.
ABSTRACT
Colon cancer associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) is found recently an important member of cancer-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA).Dysregulation of CCAT2 plays a pivotal role in tumor pathophysiological processes,especially in tumourigenesis and progression of digestive system neoplasms,thus,CCAT2 likely represents a novel cancer biomarker or therapeutic target.Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of CCAT2 will provide a feasible theoretical basis and potential interventional target for the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies.The present review summarizes current evidences of CCAT2 in digestive system neoplasms.
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As the crucial member of noncoding RNA family,there is increasing evidence that long noncoding RNA has participated in numerous physiological and pathological processes of organisms.HOXA distal transcript antisense RNA is a long noncoding transcript located at the 5'tip of HOXA.According to research reports,the up-regulation of HOTTIP is closely associated with occurrence and progression of multiple digestive system cancers and promotes the carcinogenesis.The regulatory effect of long noncoding RNA HOXA distal transcript antisense in digestive system neoplasms will be summarized in this article.
ABSTRACT
With the advance of biology technology, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) has been confirmed to be closely associated with the occurrence and development of the cancer. The ncRNA can be divided into two groups by length, including microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). As a member of lncRNA,LINC00152(long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 152)has been taken into cancer research, which can regulate the activity of miRNA and involve the regulation of gene transcription of gene transcription and protein generation. The characteristics of LINC00152 that correlate with many clinical manifestations and can be detected in liquid biopsies make it becoming new biomarkers of cancer diagnosis. This paper reviews the current progress of LINC00152 in gastrointestinal cancer.
ABSTRACT
As the crucial member of noncoding RNA family,there is increasing evidence that long noncoding RNA has participated in numerous physiological and pathological processes of organisms.HOXA distal transcript antisense RNA is a long noncoding transcript located at the 5'tip of HOXA.According to research reports,the up-regulation of HOTTIP is closely associated with occurrence and progression of multiple digestive system cancers and promotes the carcinogenesis.The regulatory effect of long noncoding RNA HOXA distal transcript antisense in digestive system neoplasms will be summarized in this article.
ABSTRACT
Tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2) is a crucial three-stage kinase of the mitogen-activited protein kinase (MAPK) family,which plays an important role in MAPK pathway and other signaling pathways.In recent years,a large number of studies have found that aberrant expressing Tpl2 is involved in tumorigenesis and development of various cancers,and is expected to serve as a new biomarker and therapeutic target.Therefore,to reveal the mechanism of Tpl2 will provide a feasible theoretical basis and potential interventional target for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
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It has been estimated that approximately 75% of the human genome is transcribed into RNA, 74% of which would be transcribed into non-coding RNA (ncRNA).The ncRNA can be divided into 2 major groups including small RNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA).There is increasing evidence that the dysregulation of lncRNA is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of many tumors.The lncRNA taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) is originally detected in a genomic screen for genes in response to taurine treatment of developing mouse retinal cells.According to research reports, dysregulation of TUG1 participates in the progression of a variety of tumors.Therefore, the regulatory effects of lncRNA TUG1 on tumorigenesis are summarized in this article.
ABSTRACT
With the advance of biology technology, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) has been confirmed to be closely associated with the occurrence and development of the cancer. The ncRNA can be divided into two groups by length, including microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). As a member of lncRNA,LINC00152(long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 152)has been taken into cancer research, which can regulate the activity of miRNA and involve the regulation of gene transcription of gene transcription and protein generation. The characteristics of LINC00152 that correlate with many clinical manifestations and can be detected in liquid biopsies make it becoming new biomarkers of cancer diagnosis. This paper reviews the current progress of LINC00152 in gastrointestinal cancer.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of natrin from Naja naja atra(Chinese cobra)on intracellular free calcium overload,and to discuss the protective effect and the possible mechanism of natrin on myocardium calcium(Ca2+)and potassium(K+)ion channels in the primary cardiomyocytes of SD neonatal rats. METHODS The primary cardiomyocytes of SD neonatal rats were used,which were respectively pretreated with natrin 5,25 and 125 mg · L-1 for 24 h before injury was induced by H2O2 0.3 mmol · L- 1. The dynamic variation of intracellular calcium was monitored by laser confocal microscopy using Fluo-3 as Ca2+fluorescence probe. Additionally,the cardio myocytes of neonatal rats were pretreated for 24 h using different concentrations of natrin 5,25,125 mg · L-1 and verapamil 5 nmol · L-1,followed by exposure to H2O2 0.3 mmol · L-1 for 15 min. Then,the mRNA expressions of calcium channels subunits Cav1.2,Calm,RyR2 and potassium channel Kir6.2 were analyzed by FQ-PCR method. RESULTS Laser confocal microscopy revealed that H2O2 obviously caused calcium overload in cardiomyocytes, giving rise to 49.37% fluorescence increase in intracellular calcium compared with the control group(P<0.01). However,natrin 5,25 and 125 mg·L-1 resulted in 27.52%, 12.71% and 5.15% fluorescence increase in intracellular calcium,respectively,compared with the control group(P<0.01). Moreover, the PCR results showed that the mRNA expressions of Cav1.2, Calm and RyR2 in the myocardial cells treated with H2O2 were increased 2.78,2.26,and 5.34 times as compared with the control group,while Kir6.2 displayed a 1.79-fold expression level(P<0.01). By contrast, the combination of natrin and verapamil significantly decreased the mRNA expression of Cav1.2,Calm and RyR2,compared to the H2O2-treated group(P<0.01). Meanwhile,the expression of Kir6.2 was considerably higher than that of the H2O2-treated group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Natrin can reduce the intracellular calcium overload of cardiomyocytes induced by H2O2 and shows a protective effect against oxidative damage for cardiomyocytes. The possible mechanism is that natrin can decrease the mRNA expression of Cav1.2,Calm,RyR2 and increase the expression of Kir6.2 of the H2O2-induced cardiomyocytes.